Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test
Short Name: IHC MUC4 Test
Also known as: MUC4 Immunohistochemistry, MUC4 Protein Expression Test, IHC MUC4 Staining, Mucin 4 IHC Test
Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test test available at DNA Labs India for ₹3,500. Uses Immunohistochemistry on Tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block samples. Results in Sample processed daily by 6 PM. Report delivery: FFPE Block - 5 working days, Tissue Biopsy - 5 working days, Large/Complex Tissue - 7 working days.. Free home collection in 300+ cities across India.
🩺 Medically Reviewed By
Dr Pasupathy Arumugam
Consultant Pathologist · Reg: 21521
Last reviewed: September 3, 2026
Overview
The purpose of the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test is to detect MUC4 protein overexpression in tumor tissue samples to aid in cancer diagnosis, differential diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning. It helps pathologists differentiate between morphologically similar tumors and contributes to a more precise histopathological diagnosis, which is essential for determining appropriate therapeutic strategies.
- Test Code
- 895
- CPT Code
- 88342
- ICD Code
- Z12.4
- Price
- ₹3,500
- Sample Type
- Tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block
- Result Time
- Sample processed daily by 6 PM. Report delivery: FFPE Block - 5 working days, Tissue Biopsy - 5 working days, Large/Complex Tissue - 7 working days.
- Fasting Required
- No
- Method
- Immunohistochemistry
Sample Collection
No specific patient preparation is required for this test as it is performed on a tissue sample obtained via biopsy or surgical excision. A copy of the histopathology report, site of biopsy, and clinical history must be provided with the specimen.
Method: Tissue Biopsy / Surgical Resection
Laboratory Analysis
The tissue sample is collected via biopsy (incisional, excisional, or core needle biopsy) or surgical resection by the treating physician or surgeon. The specimen should be immediately placed in 10% formal-saline or processed into a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) block.
Report Delivery
The preserved tissue sample is transported to the laboratory at room temperature. The sample undergoes processing, sectioning, and immunohistochemical staining with anti-MUC4 antibody. A qualified pathologist evaluates the stained slides and provides an interpretation report.
Timeline: Sample processed daily by 6 PM. Report delivery: FFPE Block - 5 working days, Tissue Biopsy - 5 working days, Large/Complex Tissue - 7 working days.
Patient Instructions
About This Test
Who Should Get This Test
The purpose of the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test is to detect MUC4 protein overexpression in tumor tissue samples to aid in cancer diagnosis, differential diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning. It helps pathologists differentiate between morphologically similar tumors and contributes to a more precise histopathological diagnosis, which is essential for determining appropriate therapeutic strategies.
How to Prepare
- Submit tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block
- Ship the sample at room temperature
- Provide a copy of the histopathology report along with the sample
- Mention the site of biopsy clearly on the requisition form
- Include complete clinical history and provisional diagnosis
- Ensure the specimen is properly labeled with patient details
Doctor's Notes
Reviewed by Dr Pasupathy Arumugam — MBBS, MD (Pathology) · Reg. No. 21521
"The Immunohistochemistry MUC4 test is a critical ancillary marker in modern oncopathology. MUC4 overexpression is particularly relevant in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, where it can influence prognosis and guide therapeutic decision-making. It is also valuable in differentiating sarcomatoid carcinoma from sarcomatoid mesothelioma, a distinction that can be challenging on histomorphology alone. I recommend this test when standard histopathological evaluation raises differential diagnostic considerations involving MUC4-expressing malignancies. Results should always be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings, imaging, and a broader immunohistochemical panel by a qualified pathologist."
Last medically reviewed: September 3, 2026
Test Parameters & Specifications
Sample Stability
- Tissue sample received without formalin fixation or in dried condition
- Specimen with no identifiable tumor tissue on initial review
- Sample received without histopathology report or clinical history
- Severely autolyzed or necrotic tissue with no viable tumor cells
- Specimen label mismatch or unlabeled sample
Understanding Your Results
MUC4 Positive (Overexpressed)
MUC4 overexpression is commonly observed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and breast cancer. Positive staining supports the diagnosis of these malignancies and may have prognostic implications. MUC4 positivity is also characteristic of sarcomatoid carcinoma, helping differentiate it from mesothelioma.
MUC4 Negative
Absence of MUC4 staining in a sarcomatoid tumor favors sarcomatoid mesothelioma over sarcomatoid carcinoma. A negative result does not exclude malignancy, and correlation with other immunohistochemical markers and clinical findings is essential.
Weak/Focal Positive
Weak or focal MUC4 expression may be seen in some tumors and should be interpreted cautiously in the context of the overall immunohistochemical panel and clinical presentation. Consultation with the referring oncologist is recommended.
Consult your oncologist or treating physician to understand the implications of the MUC4 test result in the context of your overall diagnosis. If MUC4 overexpression is detected, your doctor may recommend additional investigations, treatment planning, or referral to a specialized cancer center. If the result is negative but clinical suspicion persists, further ancillary testing may be advised.
Limitations
- ⚠This test is an ancillary diagnostic tool and must be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings, histopathological examination, and other ancillary tests
- ⚠MUC4 expression alone is not diagnostic of any specific cancer type and must be evaluated as part of a broader immunohistochemical panel
- ⚠Sensitivity and specificity may vary depending on the tumor type and tissue preparation method
- ⚠Results are semi-quantitative and may vary between laboratories due to differences in antibody clones and staining protocols
- ⚠Negative MUC4 staining does not exclude the possibility of malignancy
Risks & Considerations
- ●This test is performed on an already collected tissue specimen and carries no additional risk to the patient
- ●Risks associated with the original biopsy or surgical procedure (such as bleeding, infection, or pain) are related to the tissue collection and not to the IHC test itself
Interfering Factors
- ●Prolonged ischemia time before tissue fixation may degrade MUC4 antigen and affect staining results
- ●Inadequate fixation in formalin can lead to false-negative results
- ●Excessive fixation duration may cause antigen masking and reduce staining intensity
- ●Decalcification of tissue samples can affect antigen preservation
- ●Use of non-standard fixation protocols may interfere with antibody binding
Compare With Similar Tests
| Test | Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test | Complete IHC Panel | CA 19-9 Blood Test | Histopathology (H&E) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison | Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test | A comprehensive IHC panel evaluates multiple biomarkers simultaneously, providing a broader diagnostic picture. The MUC4 test focuses specifically on MUC4 protein expression and is often ordered as part of or in addition to a broader panel. | CA 19-9 is a serum tumor marker used for pancreatic cancer monitoring. The MUC4 IHC test evaluates protein expression directly in tissue, providing more specific diagnostic information at the tissue level. | Standard H&E staining provides morphological assessment. IHC MUC4 adds a molecular layer to the diagnosis by detecting specific protein expression, which is particularly useful in cases where morphology alone is inconclusive. |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test?
Why is the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test performed?
What sample is required for the MUC4 Test?
Is fasting required for the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test?
How long does it take to get the MUC4 Test results?
What does a positive MUC4 result mean?
Can the MUC4 Test differentiate between different types of cancer?
What is the cost of the Immunohistochemistry MUC4 Test in India?
Is home sample collection available for the MUC4 Test?
Do I need a doctor's prescription for the MUC4 Test?
Is the MUC4 Test the same as a regular blood test?
What should I do if my MUC4 test result is positive?
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