Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test
Short Name: IHC SALL4
Also known as: SALL4 IHC Test, SALL4 Immunohistochemistry, SALL4 Protein Detection Test, SALL4 Tumor Marker Test
Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test test available at DNA Labs India for ₹3,500. Uses Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on Tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block samples. Results in Sample Daily by 6 pm; Report: Block 5 days, Tissue Biopsy 5 days, Tissue Large Complex 7 days. Free home collection in 300+ cities across India.
🩺 Medically Reviewed By
Dr Pasupathy Arumugam
Consultant Pathologist · Reg: 21521
Last reviewed: September 7, 2026
Overview
The purpose of the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test is to detect the SALL4 protein in tumor tissue specimens. This test is primarily used to identify germ cell tumors, including seminomas, dysgerminomas, germinomas, embryonal carcinomas, and yolk sac tumors. It assists pathologists and oncologists in accurate tumor classification, differential diagnosis, and treatment planning. A positive SALL4 result in the appropriate clinical context supports the diagnosis of a germ cell tumor origin. The test is also used in the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, and certain ovarian cancers where SALL4 overexpression may be detected.
- Test Code
- 1041
- CPT Code
- 88342
- ICD Code
- C62.9
- Price
- ₹3,500
- Sample Type
- Tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block
- Result Time
- Sample Daily by 6 pm; Report: Block 5 days, Tissue Biopsy 5 days, Tissue Large Complex 7 days
- Fasting Required
- No
- Method
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Sample Collection
A biopsy or surgical excision of the suspected tumor tissue must be performed by the treating physician. Provide a copy of the histopathology report, site of biopsy, and clinical history along with the specimen. No special patient preparation such as fasting is required for the test itself.
Method: Tissue Biopsy
Laboratory Analysis
The tissue sample is collected via biopsy or surgical excision from the affected site under sterile conditions. The specimen is immediately placed in 10% Formal-saline or processed for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) block preparation.
Report Delivery
The tissue is transported to the laboratory at room temperature. The specimen undergoes processing, sectioning, staining with anti-SALL4 antibodies, and microscopic examination by a qualified pathologist.
Timeline: Sample Daily by 6 pm; Report: Block 5 days, Tissue Biopsy 5 days, Tissue Large Complex 7 days
Patient Instructions
About This Test
Who Should Get This Test
The purpose of the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test is to detect the SALL4 protein in tumor tissue specimens. This test is primarily used to identify germ cell tumors, including seminomas, dysgerminomas, germinomas, embryonal carcinomas, and yolk sac tumors. It assists pathologists and oncologists in accurate tumor classification, differential diagnosis, and treatment planning. A positive SALL4 result in the appropriate clinical context supports the diagnosis of a germ cell tumor origin. The test is also used in the evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, and certain ovarian cancers where SALL4 overexpression may be detected.
How to Prepare
- Submit tumor tissue in 10% Formal-saline OR Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) block
- Ship the specimen at room temperature
- Provide a copy of the Histopathology report
- Mention the site of biopsy clearly
- Include detailed clinical history and suspected diagnosis
- Ensure proper labeling of the specimen container with patient details
Doctor's Notes
Reviewed by Dr Pasupathy Arumugam — MBBS, MD (Pathology) · Reg. No. 21521
"The SALL4 immunohistochemistry marker is a highly sensitive and specific tool for identifying germ cell tumors, including seminomas, dysgerminomas, embryonal carcinomas, and yolk sac tumors. Its detection aids pathologists and oncologists in accurate tumor classification, which directly influences treatment planning. I recommend this test whenever germ cell origin is suspected in biopsy specimens, as it can help differentiate these tumors from other malignancies and guide appropriate therapeutic decisions."
Last medically reviewed: September 7, 2026
Test Parameters & Specifications
Sample Stability
- Tissue sample received without fixation or in dry condition
- Specimen container without proper labeling or patient identification
- Missing clinical history or histopathology report
- Tissue sample with extensive autolysis or necrosis making interpretation impossible
- Specimen received in expired or improper fixative
Understanding Your Results
SALL4 Positive (Nuclear staining observed)
High
SALL4 Negative (No nuclear staining)
Moderate
Weak or Focal Positivity
Moderate
Consult your oncologist or treating physician if your SALL4 test results are positive, as this may indicate the presence of a germ cell tumor or other SALL4-associated malignancy. Early consultation is essential for staging, further diagnostic workup, and treatment planning. If results are negative but clinical suspicion remains high, discuss additional testing options with your doctor.
Limitations
- ⚠This test is qualitative or semi-quantitative and does not quantify the exact amount of SALL4 protein
- ⚠A negative result does not completely rule out a germ cell tumor; correlation with clinical findings and other markers is necessary
- ⚠The test requires adequate viable tumor tissue; insufficient tissue may yield non-diagnostic results
- ⚠SALL4 expression may be seen in some non-germ cell tumors, requiring interpretation in clinical context
- ⚠Results should always be interpreted by a qualified pathologist in conjunction with histomorphology and clinical information
Risks & Considerations
- ●The test itself is a laboratory procedure performed on an already collected tissue specimen and carries no direct risk to the patient
- ●Risks associated with the biopsy procedure itself include bleeding, infection, and discomfort at the biopsy site
- ●False-negative or false-positive results may occur in rare cases, requiring further testing
Interfering Factors
- ●Inadequate fixation of tissue sample may affect staining quality
- ●Prolonged fixation in formalin beyond recommended duration can cause antigen degradation
- ●Use of non-standard fixatives may interfere with antibody binding
- ●Tissue necrosis or excessive heat exposure during processing may impact results
- ●Decalcification agents used on bone biopsies may reduce antigenicity
Compare With Similar Tests
| Test | Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test | IHC OCT4 | IHC PLAP (Placental Alkaline Phosphatase) | Serum AFP (Alpha-Fetoprotein) | Serum Beta-hCG | IHC Glypican-3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison | Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test | OCT4 is another pluripotency marker used alongside SALL4 for germ cell tumors. While both are highly sensitive, SALL4 is considered broader in its application across germ cell tumor subtypes. | PLAP is a traditional germ cell tumor marker but is less specific than SALL4, as it can be expressed in non-germ cell tumors. SALL4 offers superior specificity. | AFP is a serum-based tumor marker elevated in yolk sac tumors and some hepatocellular carcinomas. Unlike SALL4, AFP is measured in blood rather than tissue and may not be elevated in all germ cell tumors. | Beta-hCG is a serum marker elevated in choriocarcinoma and some seminomas. It complements SALL4 IHC but is not specific to germ cell tumors. | Glypican-3 is used for hepatocellular carcinoma and yolk sac tumors. SALL4 has a broader expression across germ cell tumor types, while Glypican-3 is more specific for hepatocellular and yolk sac differentiation. |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test?
Why is the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test performed?
What sample is required for the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test?
How much does the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test cost?
What cancers are associated with SALL4 overexpression?
Is the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test covered by insurance?
How long does it take to get the SALL 4 test results?
What does a positive SALL 4 test result mean?
Is fasting required for the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test?
How is the tissue sample collected for the SALL 4 test?
What is the sensitivity of SALL 4 staining in germ cell tumors?
Can I book the Immunohistochemistry SALL 4 Test for home sample collection?
Related Tests
Reference Laboratory Services
We serve as a reference laboratory for hospitals and clinics across India. Send samples from your facility with same-day pickup, priority processing, and results delivered through our online portal. Competitive institutional pricing available.
Your Data Privacy
Your medical data is protected under Indian law.
✓ Stored in India: All patient records are stored on servers located in India. No data is transferred outside the country.
✓ DPDP Act Compliant: Under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023, you can request deletion of your records at any time by contacting support.
Book Your Test
Enter your details and we'll connect you within 15 minutes.